摘要:考研英語(yǔ)作為一門(mén)考研公共課,雖然大家都學(xué)了英語(yǔ)十幾年,卻仍經(jīng)常有總分過(guò)線(xiàn)掛在英語(yǔ)上的情況,因此英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)不單單是單詞、做題。閱讀
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摘要:考研英語(yǔ)作為一門(mén)考研公共課,雖然大家都學(xué)了英語(yǔ)十幾年,卻仍經(jīng)常有總分過(guò)線(xiàn)掛在英語(yǔ)上的情況,因此英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)不單單是單詞、做題。閱讀作為考研英語(yǔ)的大頭,僅僅做考研真題或許沒(méi)法滿(mǎn)足你的閱讀量,因此幫幫之后會(huì)不定時(shí)推出一篇英文美文,這些文章都與考研英語(yǔ)閱讀同源,多讀必有好處。
?Imagine having a job that pays you 12,000 pounds to write a two-page report for a big company meeting where the document is never discussed.
想象一下,你接了一項(xiàng)工作,為一個(gè)大型公司會(huì)議寫(xiě)一份兩頁(yè)的報(bào)告,你拿到了1.2萬(wàn)英鎊的報(bào)酬,結(jié)果那次會(huì)議根本沒(méi)有討論這份報(bào)告。
Or a job that requires you to rent a car and drive up to 500km to oversee a person’s computer being moved five metres from one room to another.
或者,你需要租輛車(chē)開(kāi)上500公里,負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)督一個(gè)人的電腦被從一個(gè)房間挪到5米外的另一個(gè)房間。
What about being a receptionist in a publishing company where the phone rings once a day and your only other tasks are filling a dish with mints and winding a grandfather clock once a week?
或者在一家出版公司當(dāng)前臺(tái),電話(huà)每天響一次,此外你只需要把盤(pán)子裝滿(mǎn)薄荷糖,以及一周給一臺(tái)老爺鐘上一次發(fā)條。
These nuggets are strewn through David Graeber’s Bullshit Jobs, a provocative, funny and engaging book that claims the world has been engulfed by a rising tide of pointless work.
這樣的工作在戴維格雷伯(David Graeber)的著作《論狗屁工作》(Bullshit Jobs)里比比皆是。這本發(fā)人深思又妙趣橫生的書(shū)宣稱(chēng),世界上到處是沒(méi)有意義的工作,而且越來(lái)越多。
This is a curious charge to hear at a time of rising anxiety about keeping one’s job safe from a robot, or the indignities of the gig economy and sweeping technological disruption. Yet it clearly has appeal.
當(dāng)今人們?nèi)找娼箲]該如何在機(jī)器人、不體面的零工經(jīng)濟(jì),以及科技帶來(lái)的廣泛破壞性影響下保住自己的工作,在這樣的背景下,格雷伯的控訴聽(tīng)起來(lái)很奇怪。然而,這本書(shū)顯然是有吸引力的。
If Graeber’s idea sounds familiar, it is because the book is based on a 2013 essay he wrote for a radical magazine called Strike! that was such a hit it crashed the publication’s website and was translated into a dozen languages within weeks.
如果格雷伯的觀點(diǎn)聽(tīng)起來(lái)似曾相識(shí),是因?yàn)檫@本書(shū)是由格雷伯在2013年為激進(jìn)雜志《Strike!》撰寫(xiě)的一篇文章延伸而來(lái)。當(dāng)時(shí)那篇文章非常熱門(mén),一度導(dǎo)致該雜志網(wǎng)站崩潰。在幾個(gè)星期里,這篇文章就被譯為十幾種語(yǔ)言。
The Economist published a critique of it. Adverts quoting it appeared in the London Underground. Eventually, pollsters based a UK survey on it showing that 37 per cent of people did not believe their job made “a meaningful contribution to the world”. A Dutch poll later came up with similar results.
《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》專(zhuān)門(mén)發(fā)表了評(píng)論文章。引用這篇文章的廣告出現(xiàn)在倫敦地鐵里。后來(lái),英國(guó)對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行的相關(guān)民意調(diào)查顯示,37%的人不認(rèn)為他們的工作“為世界作出了有意義的貢獻(xiàn)”。接著,荷蘭的一份民意調(diào)查也得出了類(lèi)似結(jié)果。
For Graeber, an American anthropology professor at the London School of Economics, this confirmed he was on to something big about 21st-century capitalism: it looked a lot like 20th-century Soviet socialism, generating myriad pointless jobs to keep workers employed.
格雷伯是倫敦政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院(LSE)的美籍人類(lèi)學(xué)教授。格雷伯認(rèn)為,這證明他發(fā)現(xiàn)了21世紀(jì)資本主義的某種重大特征:無(wú)數(shù)沒(méi)有意義的工作被創(chuàng)造出來(lái),只為了讓人們得到雇傭,這看起來(lái)很像是20世紀(jì)的蘇聯(lián)社會(huì)主義。
Given how that particular venture ended, this is a worrying prospect.
考慮到蘇聯(lián)社會(huì)主義的結(jié)局,未來(lái)的發(fā)展令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)。
And if it is indeed happening, it is bizarre. Capitalism is supposed to deliver efficiency.
如果事情真的是這樣,那就很奇怪了。資本主義被認(rèn)為理應(yīng)會(huì)帶來(lái)效率。
Technological advances are supposed to mean we spend less time at work of any sort (in 1930 John Maynard Keynes suggested it could be as little as 15 hours a week).
隨著技術(shù)進(jìn)步,我們?cè)谌魏晤?lèi)型的工作上花費(fèi)的時(shí)間應(yīng)該更少(約翰梅納德凱恩斯在1930年預(yù)測(cè),未來(lái)人們每周只需工作15個(gè)小時(shí))。
Even if this has yet to materialise, the idea that much in the modern office is maddening is hardly new: in 2019 it will be 30 years since newspapers began to publish Dilbert, the satirical take on the corporate workplace that became one of the world’s most popular comic strips.
即使這種情況還沒(méi)有成為現(xiàn)實(shí),有關(guān)現(xiàn)代職場(chǎng)越來(lái)越瘋狂的想法并不新鮮:到2019年,漫畫(huà)《呆伯特》在報(bào)紙上的連載時(shí)間就會(huì)達(dá)到30年。這部以諷刺手法描繪職場(chǎng)現(xiàn)象的作品成為了世界最受歡迎的連環(huán)漫畫(huà)之一。
全文共400個(gè)詞。
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