考研英語時(shí)文賞讀（85）：中國人的消費(fèi)觀念正在轉(zhuǎn)變

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　　Why are Chinese youth ’buying now, and paying later’?

　　中國年輕人為什么轉(zhuǎn)向了“先買后付”的消費(fèi)模式？

　　People aged between 18 and 29 constitute 36 percent of the borrowers of consumer finance (not including housing loans), making them the most numerous of the borrowers, according to market research on China’s consumer credit markets in 2018, released by the Academic Center for China’s Economic Practice and Thinking at Tsinghua University.

　　清華大學(xué)中國經(jīng)濟(jì)思想與實(shí)踐研究院發(fā)布的《2018中國消費(fèi)信貸市場研究報(bào)告》顯示，使用消費(fèi)金融（不包括住房貸款）服務(wù)的用戶中，年齡在18至29歲之間的群體所占比重最高，達(dá)36%。

　　The report also notes that users aged between 30 and 39, 40 and 49 make up 30 percent and 33 percent respectively, with the last one percent being 50 years or older.

　　報(bào)告指出，年齡在30至39歲，40至49歲之間的用戶分別占30％和33％，而年齡在50歲以上的用戶僅占1%。

　　The sharp contrast between the largest group and the smallest group reflects the changes in consumption habits between different generations of Chinese people. That is to say, the older generation prefers living within their means, while the younger favors living in the moment or consuming first and paying later.

　　最大群體和最小群體的占比形成了鮮明對比，這反映了不同代際的中國消費(fèi)者在消費(fèi)習(xí)慣上存在差異。也就是說，老一輩人更傾向于“量入為出”地過日子，而年輕人則喜歡活在當(dāng)下，超前消費(fèi)。

　　Different life experiences lie behind this phenomenon. On the one hand, Chinese born in the 1960s usually hold a frugal attitude towards consumption as they’ve spent most of their life working hard, trying to save as much money as possible in case of rainy days.

　　這種現(xiàn)象折射出兩代人不同的生活經(jīng)歷。20世紀(jì)60年代出生的中國人一般信奉節(jié)儉型消費(fèi)觀，因?yàn)樗麄儾賱诹舜蟀胼呑?，想盡量多存點(diǎn)錢以備不時(shí)之需。

　　On the other hand, Chinese youth now have better living conditions than when they were children and do not have to worry about daily necessities, so they often don’t think twice before buying what they want.

　　而對于年輕一代來說，他們現(xiàn)在的生活條件比小時(shí)候好很多，不用再擔(dān)心日常生活必需品不夠用，因此他們在購買自己想要的東西之前通常不會(huì)再三考慮。

　　The rapid development of the world’s most populated country since its reform and opening-up in 1978 is seeing a transition from a manufacturing-oriented society to a consumer one.

　　自1978年改革開放以來，中國這個(gè)世界上人口最多的國家正經(jīng)歷著從“生產(chǎn)型”社會(huì)向“消費(fèi)型”社會(huì)的快速發(fā)展。

　　Years of manufacturing efforts are producing more goods available for consumption. Under these conditions, it’s easy to understand why Chinese youth don’t need to worry that the things they want to buy won’t be available. On the contrary, what they do worry about is that they don’t have enough money to buy most of the things they want.

　　經(jīng)過多年來的努力，中國的制造業(yè)目前可以生產(chǎn)更多可供消費(fèi)的商品。在這種情況下，很容易理解為什么中國年輕人不必?fù)?dān)心他們想要購買的東西將無法獲得。恰恰相反，他們擔(dān)心的是自己沒有足夠的錢來購買想要的大部分東西。

　　Another factor driving the "buy first, pay later" trend is undoubtedly the increasingly popular and advanced online credit services in a cashless Chinese society.

　　推動(dòng)“先買后付”趨勢的另一個(gè)因素?zé)o疑是，在一個(gè)無現(xiàn)金的中國社會(huì)日益流行和先進(jìn)的在線信貸服務(wù)。

　　Besides Alipay’s Huabei, another e-commerce giant JD.com also launched its virtual credit card service Baitiao to let its users buy products on its app and websites now and pay the debt later, usually in the next month or following months if users choose to pay in installments with interest.

　　除了支付寶的花唄，另一家電商巨頭京東也推出了其虛擬信用卡服務(wù)——京東白條，用戶可以在其應(yīng)用和網(wǎng)站上先行購買產(chǎn)品，下個(gè)月免息還款，也可以選擇分期付款的方式，但需支付一定的利息。

　　In response, experts are appealing to young consumers to be rational in their spending, especially those with little disposable income.

　　對此，專家呼吁年輕消費(fèi)者理性消費(fèi)，對于那些可支配收入較少的消費(fèi)者來說更是如此。

　　(全文共402個(gè)詞，China Daily)

　　?重難點(diǎn)詞匯：

　　constitute  vt. 組成，構(gòu)成；建立；任命

　　frugal  adj. 節(jié)儉的；樸素的；花錢少的

　　transition  n. 過渡；轉(zhuǎn)變；[分子生物] 轉(zhuǎn)換；變調(diào)

　　rational  adj. 合理的；理性的 n. 有理數(shù)

　　disposable adj. 可任意處理的；可自由使用的；用完即可丟棄的

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