2016考研英語(yǔ)強(qiáng)化階段閱讀解題技巧之詞義題

　　各位考生，暑假來(lái)臨，考研復(fù)習(xí)進(jìn)入了重要的攻堅(jiān)階段--強(qiáng)化階段。如果大家基礎(chǔ)階段一直堅(jiān)持復(fù)習(xí)，那么強(qiáng)化階段就要注重閱讀技巧的總結(jié)和練習(xí)。能夠針對(duì)考研英語(yǔ)閱讀的各種題型：細(xì)節(jié)題、推理題、詞義題、例證題、主旨題、態(tài)度題總結(jié)實(shí)用的解題技巧，提升自己的正確率。因此今天我們來(lái)講解一下詞義題的解題技巧。

　　詞義題的辨別非常簡(jiǎn)單，關(guān)鍵是詞義題的解題技巧。詞義題表面是在考察詞的含義，實(shí)質(zhì)上是在考察考生是否能在具體語(yǔ)境中準(zhǔn)確推測(cè)、判斷認(rèn)識(shí)的詞和不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞的準(zhǔn)確含義?？忌绕湟⒁庖韵陆忸}理念：生詞（不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞）詞義題的答案一般為詞的本義。不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞一般考察該詞在該篇章中的具體含義。閱讀材料中的每個(gè)詞與它前后的詞語(yǔ)或句子甚至段落有著互相制約的關(guān)系。我們可以利用語(yǔ)境（各種已知信息）推測(cè)、判斷某些生詞的詞義，因?yàn)榭佳虚喿x部分的詞匯題 要考的并不是考生認(rèn)不認(rèn)識(shí)題中所考的單詞，真正要考的是考生閱讀中的推斷能力，也就是說(shuō)題中所考單詞的詞義必定能根據(jù)上下文推斷出來(lái)。
 

　　?詞義題解題步驟：

　　首先，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞，回文定位。這一步非常簡(jiǎn)單。

　　其次，準(zhǔn)確理解定位句或者上一句或者下一句或者段落中心句，推斷出詞的詞義?？忌梢酝ㄟ^(guò)判斷句內(nèi)或者句間邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)推斷詞義。

　　最后，將詞義代入原文看是否通暢來(lái)判斷自己的推測(cè)，并和各選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行精確比對(duì)，即可選出正確答案。
 

　　?下面以最近十年真題為例，為大家詳細(xì)剖析詞義題解題秘訣。

　　真題：2007年Text 4

　　22. The word "mania" (Line 4, Paragraph 2) most probably means________.

　　[A] fun.         [B] craze               [C] hysteria           [D] excitement.

　　What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.

　　【直擊答案】根據(jù)題干直接定位到c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania. 根據(jù)本句中詞語(yǔ)搭即可得出正確答案soccer-mad與soccer mania，所以mania的意思為"mad"(瘋狂的)，因此可以選出正確答案為B craze, （craze 是crazy 的名字）。

　　真題：2006年Text 1

　　21.   The word "homogenizing" (Line 1, Paragraph 1) most probably means ________.

　　[A] identifying    [B] associating   [C] assimilating    [D] monopolizing

　　In spite of "endless talk of difference," American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is "the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference" characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into "a culture of consumption" launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered "vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite," these were stores "anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act." The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.

　　【直擊答案】根據(jù)"homogenizing"直接定位到第一段首句In spite of "endless talk of difference," American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. 解決詞義題，首先理解本句結(jié)構(gòu)，辨清邏輯關(guān)系。該句為in spite of引起的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前半句強(qiáng)調(diào)difference,可以推斷出后半句為difference的反義。因此只有C. assimilating "同化"符合題意。因此答案為C。
 

　　最后，希望各位考生謹(jǐn)記解決詞義題時(shí)判斷句子內(nèi)部或者句間關(guān)系。相信大家一定能夠快速搞定詞義題。